Radiator



No: 608,889. Patented Aug. 9, I898. J. A. MILLER.

RADIATOR.

(Application filed Sept. 17, 1896.) (No. Model.)

2 Sheets-$he et I.

J72 VIP 71 to)" No. 608,889. Patented Aug. 9, I898.

J. A. MILLER.

RADIATOR.

(Apglication filed Sept. 17, 1896.) (No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

llNirnio stares Merton.

RADIATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent 0. 608,889, dated August 9, 1898.

Application filed September 17, 1896. Serial No. 606,101. (No model.)

T (LM whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, JAMES ACTON MILLER,

' a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New Haven, in the town and county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Radiators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in radiators for steam or hot-water heating apparatus.

It has for its object to provide a radiator of simple construction and great area of heating-surface relative to its size and adapted to insure efiicient circulation of the heating fluid and rapid displacement of the heated air from the heating-surfaces of the radiator.

The invention consists in the novel combination and arrangement of the primary and secondary series of heating-tubes and in the construction of parts, as hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved radiator, and Fig. 2 is a vertical section through Fig. 1 on the line X X of Figs. 3 and 4. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 4: is a plan View of the opposite or lower end of the radiator;

Fig. 5 is a cross-section through Fig. 2 on line 3 y. Fig. 6 is a top plan view of the external section of the radiator, the internal section being removed therefrom. Fig. '7 is a vertical section on line 2 ,2, Fig. 4:. Fig. 8 shows the construction of the joints.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the exterior tubes of my improved radiator and which are secured at their ends into the upper and lower shells B B. exterior tubes are arranged the smaller interior tubes 1), which are longer than the tubes A and fastened into the opposite sides of the shells B 13, comprising, with the tubes A, the primary series of outer and inner tubes. This construction forms compartments E between the tubes and spaces F in the shells around the inner tubes, in which Water,

' steam, or other suitable heating fluid may be received from the distributing-pipes of the heating apparatus. Interior to the tubes D are the smaller and longer tubes G, having their ends inserted and secured in the shells W'ithin these,

their ends secured in the opposite sides of the shells H II and with the said tubes G forming annular compartments J between the tubes and spaces Z Z in theshells H 11 around the tubes G. These tubes comprise the secondary series of the system.

The shells B B are similar in size and shape, the plan view being fully shown in Fig. 6 as viewed from the upper side of shell B or lower side of shell B, each shell receiving one end of each tube A and D, as shown in Fig. 2. The shell 11, (shown in plan in Fig. 4,) like the shells B B, is formed in one piece, adapted to receive one end of each of the tubes G and r',-and it is held in central position relative to the shell B by any suitable means, that shown consisting of depending lugs l on the bottom of the shell B, fitted in corresponding seats, notches, or slots m in the shell H, as shown in Fig. 7, the number and position of said lugs and their seats beingvaried as required.

The cap shells H preferably receive a pair of tubes G and are duplicated to any required extent, the radiator here shown comprising four sets of the various tubes; but it Will be understood that the number of tubes may be increased to any required extent and that if desired four or more sets may be secured t0- gether at the top by means of a correspondingly=proportioned shell similarly as the bottom; but'the arrangement above described, and shown in plan viewin Fig. 3, is preferred. Said cap-shells H are preferably connected to the shell B by means of the pipe-nipples n, which are provided with right and left hand threads and adapted to be screwed into the upper side of shell B and lower side of shell H, holes P being provided in the upper side of shell H for their insertion and afterward tightly stopped by suitable plugs r, as shown in Fig. 3, one of said plugs being removed to show the nipple beneath. Any suitable method of inserting the nipples may be adopt ed-as, for instance, making the bore of the nipple of crosssectiona1 form, adapted to receive a plug-wrench for turning it, as hexagonal or square.

In the construction of this radiator the tubes A and D being first secured in the shells B B the tubes G are next secured in the shell II, and then being inserted through the tubes D the shells Il may be placed upon the tubes G, after which the tubes t' may be finally inserted and fastened in place. The tubes are held firmly in place and tight joints insured by expanding and burring the ends of the tubes over, as shown in the drawings, and a bead u may be formed at the inner line of contact between the tubes and the socket, in which it is received, as shown in Fig. 8, both the burring and beading processes being per-- formed with the same tool and at the same operation, after which the shells are immersed in a tinning-bath, thus sealing all the joints throughout the apparatus.

No direct connection is made between the shells B and II as between the shells B and II but they are respectively connected to the supply and return pipes of the distributing system. This construction provides for unlimited expansion and contraction of each series of tubes relatively to the other. In the operation of the radiator the heating fluid 35 is conducted into the shell B through the inlet 45 and after circulating upward through the spaces E between the outer and inner tubes A and D passes through the spaces F in the shell B and through the pipe-nipples n into the spaces Z in the shells II and then downward through the spaces J between the exterior and inner tubes G and i into the space Z in the shell II, from which it is taken to the return-pipes of the distributing system through the outlet 55. Thus perfect circulation of the water or other fluid over the radiating-surfaces is effected.

The arrangement and construction of the radiator, as shown, provide the annular spaces between the tubes D and G and the tubular flues 7 5 within the inner tube 2', inclosed by the radiating-surfaces. The effect of the radiation of heat into the said spaces is to cause a powerful upward draft through the same, particularly in the annular space 65, thus projecting the heated air out at the top of the radiator in great volume and drawing in cold air at the bottom, whereby the heating capacity of the said surfaces is greatly increased. A relatively great area of heating-surface is also provided in a small space, rendering the radiator very compact and of neat design.

The surfaces of the outer tubes A and the shells H II B B are also adapted to heat the air by direct radiation, but are relatively of less efficiency than the surfaces of the inner tubes, owing to the forced circulation of the air through the spaces 65 and 75.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a radiator or heating apparatus the combination of a primary series of exterior and interior tubes secured in shells, with intervening annular spaces or chambers, and a secondary series of exterior and interior tubes secured in shells, with intervening annular spaces or chambers, and arranged within the inner tube of the primary series, to form annular air-channels between the inner tubes of the primary series and outer tubes of the secondary series, the tubes of the primary series being connected with a common receptacle or shell at one end, and the tubes of the secondary series being connected to a common receptacle or shell at their corresponding ends, and both the primary and secondary series of tubes being connected into a common receptacle or shell at the opposite end, whereby the heating medium is caused to circulate through one set of annular channels in one direction and through the opposite set of annular spaces in the opposite direction, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a radiator or heating apparatus, the combination of the shells B and B the exterior tubes A secured in the said shells, the interior tubes D arranged within the outer tubes and secured in the opposite sides of the said shells, the shell H, the secondary series of tubes G and t' secured at the bottom into the shell II and arranged within the primary series of tubes A, D, and forming the airchannels 65,the cap-shells II secured upon the upper ends of the secondary tubes, the pipenipples connecting the cap-shell with the shell I the cap-shells having the apertures for the insertion of said nipples, and adapted to be afterward sealed or plugged and the shells D II having inlet and outlet apertures respectively, for the distributing-pipes of the heating apparatus, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

JAMES ACTON MILLER. Witnesses:

GEORGE L. BARNES, JOHN R. BoorI-I.

IOO 

